Nobody likes a nosy neighbour, but would you want to know the people you live near are looking out for you if your safety or privacy were threatened? The ethics of surveillance are complicated. The law is even more so. The key thing to remember at all times is intent. If you're watching your neighbours find out what they're up to, you're a nosey parker, and most likely, your neighbours talk about you behind your back. But if you respect peoples privacy while remaining vigilant to tangible threats and nuisances, you're doing good work, neighbour. To keep you on the right side of the law (and on your neighbour's Christmas card list), heres our guide to ethical surveillance.
Noise Problems
Noisy neighbours can represent a genuine obstacle to your quiet enjoyment of your own home. Your quiet enjoyment of your own home is a right. Thats why landlords need to give tenants 48 hours' notice before visiting. If you need to report a noise nuisance, you've got to be able to prove where it's coming from and that it is interfering with your enjoyment of your own property. Audio recording devices as they capture a range of sounds in high quality.
But before you do this, you need to decide whether you're dealing with a noisy neighbour or not. So how do you define it? A noise nuisance is typically considered such if the noise problem is repetitive, occurs at unreasonable hours and is audible when all other reasonable attempts at avoidance have been exhausted. For example, if closing the windows or turning the TV up a notch dont work, it's safe to say you've got a noisy neighbour. The sound of a lawnmower for an hour on a Saturday afternoon does not a noisy neighbour make. The sound of hardcore techno at 3.00 am does.
Anti-Social Behaviour
Theres a big difference between annoying neighbours and antisocial behaviour. Littering is annoying. Fly-tipping is antisocial behaviour. A game of football in the street isn't ideal. Someone kicking a ball at your window on purpose is antisocial behaviour. CCTV or body worn cameras are handy for capturing evidential data on this, but make sure you're not overreacting first. Once you're sure you're dealing with antisocial behaviour and not just inconsiderate neighbours, it's ethical, legal and fair to conduct surveillance. Just remember not to infringe on someone elses privacy inadvertently.
Crime Prevention
Taking proactive measures to protect yourself makes sense if you live in a high-crime area. As sad as it may sound, criminals may simply move to another target if your house has a visible deterrent, such as CCTV. You are legally entitled to install CCTV on your property, regardless of crime statistics, but you have to follow some basic rules to stay within the law. Your set-up must not interfere with anyone elses reasonable expectation of privacy. So make sure your camera isn't pointing into number 5s bedroom window. You must also be careful about how you store the data. Its fine to record the goings-on around your property, provided you dont upload footage of the postman to Youtube every day. He doesn't deserve that.
Counter Surveillance
You are entitled to take action if you think you're unfairly or illegally targeted. Checking sightlines from other peoples surveillance equipment is fair and reasonable. But it's not legal to tamper with or damage other peoples equipment. If you have a genuine concern that your neighbour is spying on you, speak to the police. Of course, you can take countersurveillance measures of your own to prove any case. For example, there is no law against photographing a CCTV or surveillance camera setup. The key thing to remember at all times is to appear reasonable. If you suspect your neighbours of anything, assume you'll be explaining things to a police officer or a court at some point. Once you take that approach, you'll be surprised by how reasonable you sound.